Phenylphosphorodiamidate (PPD/PPDA) is another urease inhibitor, and the fertilizer ammonium thiosulfate itself can also inhibit urease. Entering your postal code will help us provide news or event updates for your area. The substance was in ‘commercial agronomic use’ in the United States before January 1, 1992. These bacteria are the organisms responsible for converting ammonium to nitrate. By considering the product’s claims, composition and mode of action, EPA determines whether a product bearing such claims is a nitrogen stabilizer. Corn uses nitrogen in two forms: ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3–). Nitrification inhibitors will provide the greatest benefit in scenarios where nitrate leaching losses or denitrification losses are likely. When combined with a compatibility agent, N-Serve 24 may be used in the application of aqua ammonia and … For nitrification inhibitors, the most commonly used active ingredients are 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine (Nitrapyrin), dicycandiamide (DCD) and 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). All forms of nitrogen (N) fertilizer are subject to eventual losses of N. The risk of nitrogen loss depends on field and climate conditions, type of fertilizer, and whether a stabilizer is used. Urea granules can be coated with a urease inhibitor prior to application and the urease inhibitor can also be mixed into a urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) liquid solution. In other words, if the product is also distributed and sold in another state that does not require a nitrogen stabilizer claim but the product nonetheless makes a nitrogen stabilizer claim in the second state, the product is considered a pesticide under FIFRA. For nitrification inhibitors, the most commonly used active ingredients are 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine (Nitrapyrin), dicycandiamide (DCD) and 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). Temperature also plays a factor, as cool soil temperatures naturally reduce the activity of nitrifying bacteria. FIFRA Section 2(hh) excludes specific substances, as well as substances that meet certain criteria, from the definition of a nitrogen stabilizer. Urease is an enzyme produced by bacteria in the soil and contributes to the conversion of urea to ammonia, which can be lost through volatilization. Ammonium thiosulfate (ATS 12-0-0-26S) is a standard product of the U.S. fluid fertilizer industry. Ammonia volatilization refers to ammonia nitrogen loss. Find additional information on federal pesticide registration. Urease inhibitors prevent the enzyme urease from converting urea into ammonium. Nitrification inhibitors are actually a pesticide that kills a specific group of nitrifying bacteria. Its multi-functional capabilities for corn and soybeans are what set it apart from other sulfur fertilizers. These active ingredients are used in a number of commercial products sold by different companies under different product names. Preventing ammonium from converting into nitrate can prevent the losses that nitrate is susceptible to. The substances that are specifically excluded are: As discussed in 40 CFR §152.6(b), a nitrogen stabilizer is excluded from regulation under FIFRA if the substance (or mixture of substances), meets all four of the following criteria: Increases nitrogen uptake, availability, usage of efficiency. Get notified when we have news, courses, or events of interest to you. Each type of nitrogen stabilizer product has specific active ingredients that you should look for on the product labels to verify that you are using a legitimate product. Finally, 40 CFR §152.20, §152.25 and §152.30 discuss exemptions to registration for pesticides: However, these exemptions are not specific to nitrogen stabilizers. Increases nitrogen uptake, availability, usage, or efficiency. By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. If the producers of such products disagree, they must demonstrate that the product accomplishes its effects without affecting soil bacteria. that may be transferred, sold or distributed without registration. Posted 1/27/2015 13:10 (#4342322 - in reply to #4342142) Subject: RE: Ammonium Thiosulfate as N stabilizer St. Charles, MO & Piper City, IL Sell a lot on wheat topdress. EPA has identified certain phrases as claims that a product prevents or hinders the process of nitrification, denitrification, ammonia volatilization, or urease production. The soil bacteria that convert nitrogen nutrients to nitrogen gas are considered to be pests. Nitrogen stabilizers help prevent losses by inhibiting specific parts of the nitrogen cycle that lead to losses. Ammonium thiosulfate is used for its convenience and other beneficial interactions. This EPA guidance explains existing statutory and regulatory provisions regarding nitrogen stabilizers. Why do we need this? Posted 1/27/2015 13:10 (#4342322 - in reply to #4342142) Subject: RE: Ammonium Thiosulfate as N stabilizer St. Charles, MO & Piper City, IL Sell a lot on wheat topdress. Nitrate is susceptible to losses through leaching, since nitrate is a negatively charged ion and cannot be held on the soil's cation exchange sites. There are chemistries available that inhibit the transformation of ammonium to nitrate, and there are also compounds that inhibit urease enzyme activity, decreasing the risk of ammonia volatility. This improves the nitrogen utilization of the crop, by keeping the nitrogen in a more plant desirable form and delaying conversion to nitrates. The two broad categories of nitrogen stabilizer products are urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors. View our privacy policy. Nitrogen Stabilizer: When added to UAN, at a volume of 10-20%, research has shown that Ammonium Thio-Sulphate acts as a nitrification and soil urease inhibitor. A product that meets all of the criteria of this paragraph with respect to one state is not thereby excluded from FIFRA regulation if distributed and sold in another state whose nitrogen stabilization statement requirement does not meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(5)(ii) of this section. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. To be subject to FIFRA, the product would also have to contain something other than a living organism that performs those functions. Urease inhibitors most commonly use the active ingredient N-(n-Butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBTPT or NBPT). Urease inhibitors will provide the greatest benefit when urea is applied to the soil surface without any kind of soil incorporation. EPA considers a substance to be in commercial agronomic use if it is available for sale or distribution to users for direct agronomic benefit, as opposed to limited research, experimental or demonstration use. Statements made in materials required to be submitted to any state legislative or regulatory authority, or required by such authority to be included in the labeling or other literature accompanying any such substance or mixture shall not be deemed a specific claim within the meaning of this subsection.”. that was in commercial agronomic use prior to January 1, 1992, with respect to which after January 1, 1992, the distributor or seller of the substance or mixture has made no specific claim of prevention or hindering of the process of nitrification, denitrification, ammonia volatilization [or] urease production regardless of the actual use or purpose for, or future use or purpose for, the substance or mixture. For preventing denitrification losses, nitrification inhibitors will provide the greatest benefit when used on fields that are poorly drained. Denitrification is the bacterial conversion and loss of nitrate-nitrogen to nitrogen gas.
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